A joint venture between Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) and the Government of Rajasthan, the 9 MMTPA HPCL Rajasthan Refinery Limited (HRRL) Integrated Refinery-cum-Petrochemical Complex at Pachpadra, Balotra, has been dedicated to the nation by the Honourable Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi.
As India’s first greenfield integrated refinery-cum-petrochemical complex, the project marks a major milestone in strengthening the country’s energy security and industrial growth.
Speaking at the inauguration, Prime Minister Narendra Modi described the Rajasthan Refinery as a major catalyst for regional development, stating that “this massive refinery will serve as a permanent medium of employment for thousands of people” while congratulating the youth of Rajasthan on the achievement.
While the refinery strengthens India’s energy security and petrochemical self-sufficiency, its associated township at Barmer, designed by CP Kukreja Architects, gives this industrial vision a vital human and ecological dimension. Envisioned as a self-sustaining residential community for HRRL, the township translates the scale of national infrastructure into a lived environment rooted in climate, community and resilience.
Spread across 248 acres in the heart of the Thar Desert, the HRRL Township is designed to accommodate residential, institutional, civic and security infrastructure. In a landscape defined by saline soils, scarce groundwater and summer temperatures exceeding 50°C, the project moves beyond conventional industrial housing to propose a climate-responsive civic framework for desert living.
At the core of the master plan is a reinterpretation of the traditional Rajasthani “johad”, a water-retention system that channels, slows, filters and recharges monsoon runoff into the ground. Housing clusters, social amenities, recreation zones and public facilities are organised around this hydrological spine, allowing water, landscape and daily life to shape the township’s urban form.
The township has received the prestigious national HUDCO Design Award and has also been awarded a 4-star rating under the GRIHA Large Developments category, affirming its contextual architecture response to sustainable planning, climate-responsive design and socially conscious industrial housing. Its environmental strategies include 100 percent rooftop rainwater harvesting, a 2 MLD sewage treatment plant with dual plumbing for reuse, 12 recharge pits across the site, solar-powered street lighting, native xeriscape planting, and more than 5,000 indigenous trees. These measures reduce potable water demand by 45 percent and lower energy demand through passive cooling strategies by 38 percent.
The architecture responds to Barmer’s extreme climate through thermal mass, shaded fenestration, recessed openings, high-SRI roof coatings, cross-ventilation, internal courts, and traditional devices such as jaalis and jharokhas where they serve an environmental purpose. More than 30 percent of the site remains as functional open space, with over 75 acres dedicated to landscape, shaded streets, pedestrian movement and community use.
Beyond sustainability metrics, the township has been planned as a civic ecosystem. Schools, anganwadis, retail areas, a guest house, a club, an auditorium, township offices and security infrastructure are placed within a connected pedestrian network. Public life is distributed through shaded edges, courts, walkways and intersections, creating a settlement that is not merely residential but socially active and ecologically grounded.
Reflecting on the township’s design approach, Dikshu C. Kukreja, managing principal, CP Kukreja Architects, said, “Large infrastructure is often measured by capacity, output and investment. But its deeper legacy lies in the lives it sustains around it. At Barmer, our endeavour was to design not just a township, but a resilient civic system that listens to the desert. The HRRL Township draws from indigenous water wisdom, passive design and community-centred planning to create a model of habitation that conserves, adapts and endures. It demonstrates that even in one of India’s most demanding climates, architecture can become an instrument of ecological balance and social continuity.”
The HRRL Refinery and Township place Barmer at the centre of India’s next phase of industrial growth. Together, they represent not only a milestone in energy infrastructure but also a wider vision for future-ready development in arid India, where industrial progress is supported by sensitive, sustainable and humane urban design.
Electrify your feed! Click here to join our Whatsapp group and to get the latest updates, expert insights, and innovations driving India’s energy storage revolution.
